Mexican Constitution Essays - Constitution, Freedom Of Assembly

Mexican Constitution The Mexican constitution was adopted in 1917. Previous versions of the Mexican constitution were drafted or proposed, and one laid out the basic structure (1857). This was during conflict and social upheaval in the nation. The Mexican constitution was influenced by both Spanish law, and the United States constitution. The most striking statements of the constitution are that there is freedom of religion but that another article negates any idea of separation of church and state. Also, it says that anyone arrested is guilty until proven innocent, the opposite of that in the United States. Like the constitution of the U.S. however, there are certain guaranteed freedoms. Some of these are: the right to expression, the right to information, freedom of writing and publishing, the right to petition peacefully, the right of assembly, the right to bear arms, and many others. The constitution of Mexico is a lot like ours because it contains many of the same freedoms. It is probably similar because the Mexican constitution was highly influenced, and based on that of the United States. However, some parts are different. Such as all people are guilty until proven innocent, whereas in the United States all people are innocent until proven guilty. The political structure is that like the U.S. which is centered around three traditional branches of government. These three branches are the president, the legislature, and the courts. Policy making is handled by the executive branch. Although the government is supposed to have the same power as the states, like in the U.S., the Mexican government actually has much more power than the states. Government Essays

Canning and the Eastern Question Essay Example

Canning and the Eastern Question Essay Example Canning and the Eastern Question Essay Canning and the Eastern Question Essay Essay Topic: History In 1822 Castlereagh committed suicide and George Canning was appointed as the new British Foreign Secretary, a position he kept until his death in 1827. Castlereagh as Foreign Secretary had played a leading role in the defeat of Napoleon and was very keen to use the Congress System to restore peace in Europe; Canning however was more hostile to the Congress System as he believed British interests lay outside Europe and he had no good relationship with the other European statesmen. By his death in 1827 he had played a major role in the death of the Congress System but had also managed to successfully maintain British interests. At this time the Ottoman Empire was very large containing South Eastern Europe and parts of Asia and North Africa. However as it was such a huge ramshackle of different nationalities and religions in order for it to be governed effectively it needed a strong leadership from Constantinople, which the Turkish Sultan of this time couldnt offer, since 1815 the Ottoman Empire had been in decline. (The Ottoman Empire) After Frances defeat previously Russia was now considered the biggest threat to the balance of power in Europe. It had great military power due to the seemingly unlimited supply of peasant conscripts to its armed services. The weak Ottoman Empire was always being watched by Russia who was continuously pushing its boundaries Southwards towards Constantinople and the Straits. Russia was hoping to gain land and access through the Black Sea into the Mediterranean. Britain feared that if this occurred Russia would be able to threaten British trade and naval dominance in that area and also its important trade routes to India. Britain was not committed to maintaining the Empire but did not want to see it fall to Russia, however it was in the best interests for Austria to strengthen the Ottoman Empire as it was a useful buffer against Russian expansion and Austria had no designs on the land itself. France also wanted to see the Ottoman Empire preserved as it had long standing political and commercial links with Turkey and hoped to extend its influence over the area via the Pasha of Egypt, Mehmet Ali. At the Congress of Vienna the major European powers had restored monarchies to every European country but the 19th Century has been labelled The Age of Nationalism as individual countries wanted the right to look after their own interests free from the influence of a foreign power. The old monarchical powers such as Austria and Russia were terrified of revolution and the European powers all had a solid stance to crush any revolts. However the Greek uprising of 1822 against the Ottoman Empire was different. The deeply religious Russians were concerned with their fellow Orthodox Christians fighting to free themselves from Muslim rule. It seemed likely that Russia would become involved in this conflict as the Russians saw themselves as the unofficial guardians of the Orthodox religion and also relations between the Ottoman Empire and Russia were already poor as the Russians had been left feeling aggrieved after the Ottomans pulled out of the 1812 Bucharest Agreement. There was also a lot of sympathy for the Greek Revolution in Britain, especially throughout the educated elite; there were many volunteers who went there to fight for the Greeks such as Lord Byron the romantic poet who eventually died for the cause. The Greeks had even sent a deputation to Britain begging for help. The sympathy increased for the Greeks when the Turks conducted a massacre of Greek Orthodox Christians and murdered the Patriarch of Constantinople on Easter Sunday in 1821. In April 1821 the Greeks of Morea killed thousands of the local Turks and the Turks then retaliated with even worse horrors. This caused another surge in European public sympathy and in 1823 Canning recognized the Greeks as Co-belligerents, which meant he recognised Greeks right to take up arms against an unpopular Turkish regime. This sympathy for the Greeks however, was strongest in Russia, where it was going to be hard for the government to ignore such public feeling. The Tsar Alexander I initially wanted to intervene but Metternich, who arguing against supporting Nationalistic causes on the grounds that all revolutions must be prevented and that they were all centred from Paris, dissuaded him. However in December 1825 Tsar Alexander I died and the new Tsar, Nicholas I was ready for immediate intervention with or without international cooperation. He wanted to establish himself quickly in the eyes of his people and Europe and to avenge atrocities against Greek Orthodox Christians; also weakening the Turkish Empire would bring benefits to Russia. Canning now had to make sure the Russians didnt gain too much in this area. Turkey needed help to fight the Greek revolt and turned to Mehmet Ali, who held land in Egypt directly as a favour from the Turkish Sultan and was therefore obliged to help the Sultan if his interest were threatened. Between 1826 and 1827 an Egyptian army, under Mehmet Alis son Ibrahim Pasha, gained the upper hand over the Greek rebels. Canning tried to prevent Russia entering a war by sending Wellington to St Petersburg to offer solving the dispute by mediation to the new Tsar. Canning decided Britain must act to: * Prevent Turkey being weakened too much as it was a useful buffer against Russian expansion in the Balkans. * Make sure Russia didnt make too much advantage e. g. possession of Constantinople He may also have intervened to break up the Congress System, which he despised; he knew Anglo Russian cooperation would infuriate Metternich. The outcome was the Protocol of St Petersburg of April 1926 with which the British and the Russians offered mediation to the Turks as long as the Greeks retained some form of self-government. Britain, Russia and France confirmed this by attending the July 1827 Treaty of London where they guaranteed Greek self-government by force if necessary and a joint nav al expedition set out for Greece. Canning was now under great pressure as the Austrians and Prussians objected to this support of revolution and the Turks were refusing to sign the treaty. In August 1827 Canning died, probably brought on by overwork. Meanwhile the joint 27-ship fleet was blockading the Turkish-Egyptian fleet of 81 ships in the Greek, Navarino Bay. Though under orders to avoid hostilities, the British Admiral Codrington decided to force the issue by sailing into the bay. The Turks opened fire and a full-scale battle developed lasting four hours. It was a disaster for the Turks and their allies; 61 ships and about 4000 men were lost in October 1827. There was no prospect of the Turks recapturing Greece whose independence was recognised in 1830 and her frontiers were decided in 1832. In the end Cannings work in the Near East had mixed success. He had helped to achieve a completely independent Greece however his wider aim of limiting Russian gains by cooperation with her had been ruined by Wellington who failed to grasp Cannings intentions.

Republic Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Republic Government - Essay Example The great French Revolution, although short-term, roused a new spirit of independence in Europeans. Later, in the 19th century, many countries outside Europe attained independence through continuous struggle; but the major turn out came after the 2nd World War, of which most of the countries developed a trend away from democracy. (Carey, 2007) Even though colonial life has almost ended, some parts of the world are still fighting for a proper government according to their own views. Two of these major parts are Palestine and Kashmir. What's ironical is that countries involved in these disputes are republics themselves; but look at the years of struggle these areas have gone through. Theoretically, the United States is a democratic republic nation where people exercise control over their rulers through elections and lobbying; but since implementation of the new constitution, the government has been facing extensive difficulties. Financial problem was the main worry of the new government. They were in huge debt due to the Revolutionary War, which was a threat to their economy. The need for roads and bridges was inevitable, but they could not be afforded. Enforcing new taxes was also a problem, which lead to the Whiskey Rebellion.

IT Security. Epworth Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IT Security. Epworth - Assignment Example The storage of information is at times prone to intrusion from the foes. It is at this point that the persons using the database have to ensure that there is utmost security of the stored information. Other trends in IT include such things as the use of wireless LANS (Stewart, Tittel and Chapple, 2011). This is one of the developments that are in IT. IT comprises of many contentious issues like the use of suites of security technology, reputation risk, online awareness and the wireless LAN technology. Task1 (Reputational risk) The chief officer for security at Epworth is the person concerned with the security of the firm’s information stored in the database. His claims that the system is robust against reputational risk are a heap of lies. This is because the database of the Epworth organization is accessible to any web server. The web server can directly access the web where the health care firm stores information concerning to the employees and the patients. This direct access is the one that makes me defy the fact that the reputation of the patients is safe. Secretive patient’s information storage occurs in the database (Honey, 2009). Therefore, the security officer’s remarks are not true. Current observations show that the fact that the database is accessible to all employees of the Epworth health care .This accessibility is the key to hacking of necessary information concerning the organization (Neef, 2003). ... An IBM analyst has recommended to Epworth a suite of security technologies aimed at database compromise and data loss prevention at a cost of $40,000 per year. This would ensure that the database information is free from falling into the hands of the enemy. Therefore, it would be beneficial to implement the suite because of different reasons. One of the reasons is the fact that the database information is exceedingly necessary to any firm. The cost of installing the prevention mechanisms may be high but the benefits are many (CDTM, 2007). Epworth would have the assurance that the security of information pertaining to their patients and workers is safe. Purchasing a licensed copy of the security suite is also particular because the firms can assure their patients that their details are safe. The other reason as to why this is necessary is that the cost of replacing the lost information would be more than the cost of installing the security kit (Whitman and Mattord, 2010). The installa tion of database security is necessary because the process of coming up with new details about patients is costly. Contacting and informing the patients about their account numbers and providing new cards would be exceedingly tedious. The last reason for the installation would be the fact that database compromise is up to 25%. Task 3 (online training of employees) If Epworth were to bestow me with the task of conducting online employee awareness, this would be a go ahead for the firm. On-line employee awareness and training course for safeguarding sensitive patient information is a practice that any firm requires. This would ensure that the employees are aware of the requirements

E-Business and e-Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

E-Business and e-Marketing - Essay Example The whole world has become a small place because of internet. Everyone can have all the information pertaining to any field or subject using internet. There have been significant advancements in technology over the years and it had a significant impact and changes on the people's way of leaving. It has brought about changes in the way people access different kinds of information online and the ways in which they communicate with each other. World Wide Web is also having its significant impact on the ways through which businesses are now being conducted in different organisations all over the world. The term e-business can be referred to as the utilisation of internet technology for the improvement in efficiency of business processes conducted by various organisations. It has also resulted in the establishments of different new kinds of business models. E-Business is believed to have emerged during the mid 1990s (Maruyama). It was mostly concerned about bringing enterprise systems tha t existed then to the internet audience in general through internet or World Wide Web. E-Business now can be found at the mainstream of most of the organisations. E-Business helps in the improvement of business performances through the use of information technology and thereby facilitates connection between customers and suppliers at every step in the value chain. Hence it could result in significant shift or changes in the field of technology, business and the society as a whole along with the changes in interactions between them. As regards technology, information technology has been revolutionised over the past years. It has its impact in almost all the economic sectors and in every sphere of our lives. The processing power relative to the digital technologies is expected to have a rapid increase because of decline in the cost associated with the advancements of technology in future (The Levin Institute). As a result of new technological advancements, most of the business transac tions are expected to be done over internet which would lead to the reduction in the transaction costs as well. The job structure is also expected to change and more people can use internet sitting back at home and performing their business tasks. More and more people would shift towards jobs offered online which could be done at their convenient place and flexible work timings for the employees as well. With the growing expansion of World Wide Web, different new technologies like location-based technologies and radio frequency identification (RFID) are expected to lead to the development of innovative applications resulting in the evolution of networks which can be termed as "Internet of Things" (OECD). In the longer run, small sized wireless sensor devices which are embedded in different objects, facilities and equipments are most likely to get integrated with internet with the help of wireless networks. This would enable interconnectivity anytime and anywhere. The future capaciti es and uses of technologies which bridge the virtual worlds with the physical world are supposed to result in significant societal changes as well as bring about increased economic benefits. Economic activity is becoming faster, cheaper and efficient as a result of World Wide Web.

Properties of Some Ayurvedic Bhasmas

Properties of Some Ayurvedic Bhasmas Investigation of Structure, Microbiological and Cytotoxic Properties of Some Ayurvedic Bhasmas Introduction Ayurveda is the traditional Hindu medicine system practiced extensively in South Asia. In Sanskrit, the word Ayurveda is basically made of two components, Ayush life and Veda science and knowledge. This states clearly that science of life is Ayurveda. From ancient period Ayurvedic medicine is in use with the objectives: i) to enhance health status physically, mentally and spiritually free of illness and ii) to cure disease with the help of natural diet, medicine. In ancient period if people get sick and injured there was a trend of use of medicine which is also known as folk medicine. Use of Bhasmas as Ayurvedic medicine has been known from as an alternative medicine. Use of traditional medicine includes Ayurveda, Ancient Iraninan, Korean and African medicine. But recently WHO has noticed that use of these medicines in inappropriate way may give some negative and toxic results. And research work is to be done for its safety and ascertinity. These days microorganisms are common org anisms for causing disease (Shubha Hiremath, 2010). Some of them can be cured with daily hygienic processes but most of them can be removed and recovered with the use of medicines. Ayurveda is the traditional Hindu medicine system practiced extensively in South Asia. Ayurvedic medicine has wide range of composition, which also includes Bhasmas. Literally, Bhasma is something that is obtained from the process of calcination. Generally, calcination and incineration of any gem or metal substance is performed to prepare such formulations and used in any medicinal purpose as Ayurvedic medicine (Kumar Pal, 2015). The Bhasmas are prepared from metals like gold, silver, iron, lead, mercury and arsenic and so on (see Tables 1 and 2). Metal constituent are supposed to have positive impact to human health through Ayurvedic perspective. However, in modern synthetic medicine heavy metal are considered toxic. The objective of this study is to test the impacts of these drugs on growth of microorganism. Lead, mercury and arsenic is considered as the harmful compound that may lead to different kinds of disease especially cancer (Patra, Bhattacharya, Mukhopadhyay, Mukherjee, 2010). The aim in this work is to analyze the selected Bhasma drugs with respect to their structure, perform their antimicrobial susceptibility tests and also to analyze the cytotoxic effect towards the cell lines. Furthermore, if there is any antimicrobial and cytotoxic behavior of the drugs, the attempts will be made to answer the following questions: Is the given Bhasmas effect related to the presence of heavy metal compound? Is the effect the result of other materials that has been added for the preparation of that Ayurvedic Bhasma? Table 1. Some of the Bhasmas intended to be studied in the proposed work S. No. Name of Bhasma Content (metal) 1 Parad Mercury 2 Hartal Arsenic 3 Manoshila Arsenic 4 Naag Lead 5 Shisak Lead 6 Kajjali Mercury 7 Ras sindur Mercury 8 Kajjali Mercury 9 Jasada Zinc 10 Loha Iron 11 Rajat Silver 12 Sworna Gold Tabl 2: Some Bhasmas that are produced by calcination of corresponding mineral compounds S. No. Name Source 1 Coury Cowry shell 2 Abraka Mica 3 Muga Coral 4 Sankha Conch shell 5 Sipi Oyster shell 6 Moti Pearl shell Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine dating back to 5000BC. Literally the science of life, it uses animal, plant, mineral and metal based medicines to cure diseases. (Barve, Mashru, Jagtap, Pargiri, Prajapati, 2011) (Patwardhan Mashelkar, 2009) A part of Ayurveda called Rasasatra is concerned with drugs of the metal-mineral origin, their processing technique, properties and therapeutic applications (Sarkar, Das, Prajapati, 2010). In Ayurveda, the drugs with mineral origin are considered more effective than those of animal and plant origin. Generally, metal minerals in the original form are toxic, non-absorbable and dont have medicinal significance. Therefore, are transformed by various standard protocols before being used as drug. Pharmaceuticals with the metal minerals origin are called Bhasmas. Bhasmas is a calcined powder of mineral, metal, gems (Sangale, Suryawanshi, Chikate, Khot, 2014). Sworna (Gold) Bhasmas, Rajata (Silver) Bhasmas, Tamra (Copper) Bhasma, Loha (Iron) Bhasmas, Jasada (Zinc) Bhasmas and ashes of the minerals like Caury (cowry shells), Muga (corals), Sankha (conch shell), Sipi (oyster shell) and others have been extensively used as Bhasmas in Ayurvedic medicine (Adhikari, 2014) (Krishnamachary, et al., 2012) (Sarkar, Das, Prajapati, 2010) (Wadekar, Rode, Bendale, Patil, Prabhune, 2005). The importance of the proper dose and way of administration of Ayurvedic drugs has been studied. It has been found that improper application of the Bhasmas lead to the death of the patients. The death is due to the accumulation of the heavy metals in the soft cells (Sarkar, Das, Prajapati, 2010) (Kapoor, 2010). However, heavy metals are drugs if they are supplied within recommended limits on their labels for plant and animal. Preparation methods determine the therapeutic efficiency as well as level of toxicity of the Bhasmas (Nagarajan, Rajan, Krishnan, Sethuraman, 2014). Formulation of Bhasmas based on standard protocol reveals nanostructured morphology. These metallic nanoparticles are taken along with milk, butter, honey, ghee which eliminate their harmful effects and intensify their biocompatibility (Formulation, 2014). Jasada Bhasma has been used for treatment of diabetes, arthritis and tuberculosis. Rajata Bhasma is used to cure muscles wasting, brain diseases and nervous disorder. Similarly, Sworna Bhasma is used for arthritis and rheumatoid (Adhikari, 2014) (Patwardhan Mashelkar, 2009). These are the ancient formulation of the metal and minerals based drugs in Ayurveda. In modern medicine, the trend of the using the metal nanoparticle is increasing for curing diseases. Modern nanoparticles through a several chemical modifications are used in the preparation of the nanodrugs. Recent trend on modern medicine shows that nanoparticles from gold, silver, iron, zinc can be used against several chronic diseases. Gold nanoparticles have high therapeu tic potential to fight against cancer and act as drug delivery vehicles (Khan, Vishakante, Siddaramaiah, 2013) (Dobrovolskaia McNeil, 2007) (Patra, Bhattacharya, Mukhopadhyay, Mukherjee, 2010). Therefore, the systematic studies of the many Bhasmas are still behind the horizon. Such Bhasmas may have potential for higher therapeutic values for curing chronic diseases. So, to investigate the science behind the different Ayurvedic Bhasmas, in particular with respect to their structiure-properties correlations, and their medicinal values will be the topic of the proposed project. The proposed research will encompass different interesting questions which will be attempted to solve in the course of the study. What is the physico-chemical and microscopic structure of the given Bhama? Is it a kind of nanomedicine with respect to its structure? What is the real chemical compositions? How do Bhasmas differ with respect to their microbiological effects on the human body? Will the Bhasma show significant cytotoxic effect only towards diseased cells? How will the normal cell lines respond? Can a correlation be established between the structure and properties of the Bhasmas? Although heavy metals have proved poisonous effects and have a predominantly unfavorable reputation in the modern scientific society, these have been used as pharmaceutical agents since first century B.C. Traditional literature like Rasatarangini, Charaksamita, Rasratnasammuchaya compiled the processing, manufacturing and therapeutic application of heavy metal containing drugs. Different studies show that formulation with heavy metal has toxic effect. The toxicity level depends upon various factors such as processing of raw materials, method and amount of consumption. Heavy metals with nanoscopic structure are generally absorbable inside cell. Recent trend also shows that nanoparticles of gold, arsenic, silver have pharmaceutical potentiality. Thats why well documented study on Bhasmas prepared from heavy metals is needed for their appropriate use as well as for the proper understanding of their structure-properties relationships. Preliminary works have been performed in a variety of Ayurvedic drugs including some drugs comprising Arsenic compounds (Harital) by the research group comprising the some of these members of the present consortium (Panta, Bhandari and Lamsal, and Adhikari 2017). Microscopic, spectroscopic and antibacterial tests were performed on some of the drugs. The compounds exhibited quite strong antibacterial activities again gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Nanomechanical aspects of the Bhamsa drugs were also review some time ago to find the parallel between modern nanomedicine and ancient ayurvedic Bhasma (Adhikari, 2014). Thus, there is a sufficient background information and nalaytical skill in the research group to perform successfully the proposed research works. The proposed work is aimed at the investigation of physico-chemical structure as well as microbiological and cytotoxic properties of different Bhasmas. To elucidate the composition and structure of Bhasma. To see the positive effect of components, present in Bhasma. To study the toxicity of Bhasma on microorganisms and cell lines. To bridge the gap between modern medicine and traditional medicine practice. The research will begin with detail literature survey to eliminate the possibility of duplication and to determine possibility of conflict of interest. The commercial Bhasma will be collected and sample preparation will be done in accordance to the availability of Bhasma in the market while strictly following the procedure described in the Ayurvedic books. Pertinent physical and chemical properties will be studied and the sample will be sent for characterization. X-Ray Diffraction, Optical Microscopy, Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopic Analysis will be performed. After characterization, based on the composition, the proper solvent for the drugs to enter the cell will be selected. Biological assay will then be carried out according to standard protocol. The assays include anti-microbial, cytotoxicity and antidiabetic. The obtained results of all above tests will be compile and analyzed manually or using computer software wherever applicable. The report will then be prepared. The ab ove process is illustrated in the flowchart below. The research plan including the anylytical procedure is depicted in Scheme 1. Scheme 1: Flowsheet depicting the analytical and research plan for the proposed work         Ã‚   It has been proved by earlier studies that the Bhasmas prepared after using standard protocol should reveal nanoparticles which are thus expected to show anti-microbial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. It is the topic to explorer the opportunities that the Bhasmas might exhibit pharmaceutical potentiality against cancer, diabetic and HIV/ AIDS. This study is expected to deliver the following outcome after completion of the works. Provide necessary scientific foundation for structure and composition of the Bhasmas. This study may be able to clarify the issue of contradiction related to the statement telling Ayurvedic formulations with heavy metals are toxic to health. The study will deliver the structure-antibacterial properties correlations of very important traditional medicinal practice of the country. Limitations This study does not cover any Ayurvedic formulation based on herbs and animals. This research does not include detail mechanism of action of the Bhasmas on tested parameters. This work does not associate in any way to the psychological, psychiatric and social impacts that might arrive after the use of Bhasmas. Delimitations This project will bring Ayurveda from supplemental medicine to main stream treatment practice. This work may change the notion that heavy metals in all form are detrimental to health. The facilities available in the laboratory in the REACST will be primarily sufficient for performing major part of the study. Some of the samples have to be sent to other laboratories. This study associates with a variety of people who have been working with Bhasmas as family business for many generations. The result of this work, if contradicting with their practices, might affect their livelihood. The formulation of Bhasmas will be done in isolated condition using standard protocol and also focus to minimize metal hazards during study. This project does not incorporate all the aspects of heavy metals impact in body. Thus, any action based solely on this work might cause on foreseen effects. S.N Task to be done Tentative time 1 Literature review 8 weeks 2 Chemical and instrument collection 4 weeks 3 Commercial sample collection 4 weeks 4 Sample preparation 16 weeks 5 Characterization 16 weeks 6 Biological Assay Antimicrobial test 4 weeks Cytotoxicity (Anti-cancer) 6 weeks Anti-diabetic 10 weeks 7 Data Analysis 8 weeks 8 Preparation of initial draft of report 8 weeks 9 Finalization of report 12 weeks Total Time 96 weeks = 1 year 10 month Estimated Budget S. No. Title Amount (Rs.) 1. Chemical Formulation Rs. 30,000/- Antimicrobial test Rs. 30,000/- Cytotoxicity test Rs. 40,000/- Antidiabetics test Rs. 40,000/- 2. Instruments Rs. 1,50,000/- 3. Commercial Sample Rs. 10,000/- 4. Transportation and Courier for Characterization Rs. 40,000/- 5. Stationary and Logistics Rs. 30,000/- 6. Miscellaneous (printing, binding, communications etc.) Rs. 20,000/- 7. Laboratory chemicals Rs. 60,000/- Total Rs. 4,50,000/- Today nano-medicine is emerging as new revolution worldwide and has several promises. The exploration of nano-formulations in medical field has made us to dream of several opportunities. The study of the Bhasmas will help to gain those goals. There is higher chance of innovation of new drugs by mixing the indigenous knowledge with modern technology of drug discovery and delivery. These efforts on Bhasmas are directed toward finding solution to crucial issues of infectious disease and in particular tackling with more vulnerability the comeback of diabetics, HIV/AIDS and the devastating spread of cancer in world. However, more effort has to be done to uplift the potentiality of Bhasmas to that of modern nanodrugs. More research is desirable which explore the co-relation between structural nature and mechanism associated with their therapeutic activity. This study can provide pathway to enhance the use of traditional Ayurvedic medicine and helps to preserve the traditional knowledge. References       Adhikari, R. (2014). Ayurvedic Bhasmas: Overview on Nanomaterialistic Aspects, Applications, and Perspectives. Infectious Diseases and Nanomedicine I, 23-32. doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1777-0_3 Barve, M., Mashru, M., Jagtap, C., Pargiri, B. J., Prajapati, P. K. (2011). Therapuetic potentials of metals in ancient India: A review through Charaka Samhita. Journal of Ayurveda and Intregative Medicine, 2(2), 55-63. Retrieved from http://imsear.hellis.org/handle/123456789/172982 Dobrovolskaia, M. A., McNeil, S. E. (2007). Immunological properties of engineered nanomaterials. Nature nanotechnology, 2(8), 469-478. doi:10.1038/nnano.2007.223 Formulation, c. a.-m. (2014). Rasheed, Arun; Naik, Madhu; Haneefa, Kotappadath Pillanayil Mohammed; Kumar, Raveendran Pillai Arun; Azeem, Abdul Kharim. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci, 27(4), 793-800. Retrieved from http://applications.emro.who.int/imemrf/Pak_J_Pharm_Sci/Pak_J_Pharm_Sci_2014_27_4_793_800.pdf Kapoor, R. C. (2010). Some observations on the metal-based preparations in Indian systems of medicine. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 9(3). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2248/3544 Khan, M. S., Vishakante, G. D., Siddaramaiah, H. (2013). Gold nanoparticles: a paradigm shift in biomedical applications. Advances in colloid and interface science, 199, 44-58. doi:10.1016/j.cis.2013.06.003 Krishnamachary, B., Rajendran, N., Pemiah, B., Krishnaswamy, S., Krishnan, U. M., Sethuraman, S., Sekar, R. K. (2012). Scientific validation of the different purification steps involved in the preparation of an Indian Ayurvedic medicine, Lauha bhasma. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 142(1), 98-104. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.021 Kumar Pal, S. (2015). The Ayurvedic Bhasma: The Ancient Science of Nanomedicine. Recent Patents on Nanomedicine, 5(1), 12-18. Nagarajan, S. a., Rajan, K., Krishnan, U., Sethuraman, S. (2014). Scientific insights in the preparation and characterisation of a lead-based naga bhasma. Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 76(1), 38-45. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4007254/ Panta, P, Bhandari, T. R, Lamsal B., and Adhikari, R. unpublished results (2017) Patra, C. R., Bhattacharya, R., Mukhopadhyay, D., Mukherjee, P. (2010). Fabrication of gold nanoparticles for targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 62(3), 346-361. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2009.11.007 Patwardhan, B., Mashelkar, R. A. (2009). Traditional medicine-inspired approaches to drug discovery: Can Ayurveda show the way forward. Drug discovery today, 14(15), 804-811. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2009.05.009 Sangale, M. D., Suryawanshi, M., Chikate, C., Khot, R. (2014). Comparative studies and analysis of Jasandand Nag bhasma prepared by different Ayurvedic pharmaceuticals. International Journal of Advanced Scientific and Technical Research, 2(4). Retrieved from http://rspublication.com/ijst/2014/april14/29.pdf Sarkar, P. K., Das, S., Prajapati, P. K. (2010). Ancient concept of metal pharmacology based on Ayurvedic literature. Ancient science of life, 29(4), 1-6. Shubha, S. H., Hiremath, R. S. (2010). Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Rasaka Bhasma. AYU: An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda, 31(2), 260-262. Wadekar, M. P., Rode, C. V., Bendale, Y. N., Patil, K. R., Prabhune, A. A. (2005). Preparation and characterization of a copper based Indian traditional drug: Tamra bhasma. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 39(5), 951-955. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2005.06.015 Association to national Priority Ayurvedic drugs are indigenous technology of Nepal. The practice incorporates a wide variety of social groups during the raw material collection, purification, processing, delivery and prescription of medicine. Moreover, the need of raw materials opens door to industrial and entrepreneur investment. The work we have proposed thus can impact a variety of national priority which will be described in detail below Bhasma is found to have significant effect on the cure of tuberculosis. They are also expected to cure diabetes, cancer and other non-communicable diseases. The reduction of these communicable and non-communicable disease is a part of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). The formulations studied in our work can play a major role in meeting the SDG as well as in improving the health indicators not covered in SDG but is a common health problem in Nepal such as rheumatic and skin disease [SDG] The production and dissemination of Bhasma is a multi-step process requiring a variety of manpower. It demands unskilled manpower for labor works necessary in all steps, semi-skilled manpower for the production and distribution of medicines as well as skilled manpower like doctors, chemists, administrators to supervise the whole operation. Hence understanding and commercialization of Bhasma can significantly contribute to employ not only local manpower but also help bring back the manpower currently outside Nepal. Bhasma is unquestionably the local intellectual property of Nepal which requires protection before it becomes the victim of modern medicine hegemony and foreign trademark. This work will be a step to the documentation, standardization and recognition of the ancient knowledge which is not yet accepted as a scientific truth. Understanding and patenting the rights in the country will prevent local knowledge from being foreign property. This project is also a step towards proper documentation and preservation of rare and endangered books. Preparation of Bhasma is a traditional example of top-down nanofabrication. Nanoscience and nanotechnology is a burning research field. However, only a handful of work has been done in this field. Government as well as private investors are reluctant to investment on nanoscience. This project can be an invitation to industries as well as academia to focus on nanomaterial synthesis and use to solution of everyday problem.

College: Worth It or Not Essay

â€Å"College is a Waste of Time and Money† by Caroline Bird suggests that a college education is forced upon those who attend. As a student you shouldn’t lack the enthusiasm or motivation or it won’t be what you thought it would be. Bird states that those who think that going to college is a way to prepare for your future job are wrong, for there are students who are successful because of their family background. Bird makes valid points in her essay, but it isn’t all true to say that college wastes a student’s money and time and showing that going to college can benefit you in the end by giving you a well-paid job and having knowledge of new skills. Throughout high-school, students are taught that college is a great route to take. Bird states, â€Å"This is the way it used to be with women, and just as a society had systematically damaged women by insisting that their proper place was in the home, so we may be systematically damaging 18 yr-olds by insisting that their proper place is in college† (p.9). They even have classes now that prepare you for that next big step, like taking AVID classes. AVID is a college readiness system for elementary through high school. AP classes are also available to students in high school. AP stands for advanced placement classes, which have a curriculum that you get when in college. Many may say that it is not worth taking classes like that, but also some may say that it is beneficial even if you don’t go to college or not. It has become â€Å"The thing to do’ says Bird. Going to college has now become something like a popularity contest, where you attend because everyone else is and your parents think it is right. Parents go along with it, not â€Å"thinking of the â€Å"higher† good at all. They send their children to college because they are convinced young people benefit financially from those four years of higher education† (p. 24). Parents are only thinking of the money that will come from spending money on that education. My parents in are complete opposites of all that. They encouraged me to go college so I can better myself as a person. I will be the first, also, to go to college to get my degree in a profession. Students also feel like ‘they are not needed† so they attend college where they can feel like they may become something. Bird argues and tells us that we should force our students to go into college, and according to a study by Leon, 200 of 300 students felt that college education is a waste of money, so forcing them to go may not even work. (p. 18) Bird isn’t in an agreement that college education will help the students to make money in the future: â€Å"if making money is the only goal, college is the dumbest investment you can make† (p. 24). Bird furthers this testimonial by comparing the money that would be spent on education versus money that is put in a bank for interest. Even when the graduates do succeed in having good jobs, there is no evidence that money comes from the college education as college can attract students who have a wealthy family background (p. 31). There are those who just go college to go, but than can take over a family business or something. Then their wealth comes from that. College can open doors to jobs in the areas of teaching, medicine and research though such opportunities are scarce. Bird says that studies show that very often, the work attached to the jobs is totally unrelated to their college education and this is true for architects, nurses, teachers and other professionals (p. 48). So those who go into a profession that is meant to help others, you don’t take what you learned from college into that profession, you learn throughout your working years. This means that college education does not prepare the student for the job market. Bird is convinced that â€Å"college doesn’t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy or liberal. It’s the other way around. Intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal people are attracted to higher education in the first place† (p. 52). Bird concludes that college education is for students who can afford money and time to read and learn and there must be alternatives provided for youngsters to have a good future. â€Å"College is a Waste of Time and Money† does give valid points in what Bird was trying to argue. College has become more expensive for a few days of school work that may not even help you in the future and students do have the wrong perception on what college is. But a college education does have its upsides. A college education is a journey that everyone, who has the right attitude about education, should take. College prepares a student for being independent by teaching them learning skills that can be used lifelong. The values you learn, leadership and social skills that you can gain, and the character and attitude of a student is enhanced by going to college.

Marketing Survey Form Essay

We are Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management students currently conducting a feasibility study with regard for a proposed foodservice business venture entitled as Silog Express which will offer variety of silog dishes like tapsilog, adsilog, chicksilog, embosilog, porksilog, etc. It will be located in front of Tomas Del Rosario College, San Jose, Balanga City, in partial fulfilment of our course requirement HRMG-413B Feasibility Study with Thesis. Due this, we prepared this questionnaire to gather necessary information which will be very beneficial to our study. May we request you to provide the necessary information for each of the following questions. Rest assured that any details provided will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Thank you very much! -Researchers Name (Optional): ____________________________ ____________ Gender: ________ Address/University/Company: ____________________________ ________ Age: ________ Put a check mark on the space provided for your answer. 1. Where you do usually ate breakfast? ( ) at home ( ) canteen ( ) restaurant/fast food others: ______ 2. Where you do usually ate lunch? ( ) at home ( ) canteen ( ) restaurant/fast food others: ______ 3. Where you do usually ate dinner? ( ) at home ( ) canteen ( ) restaurant/fast food others: ______ 4. How often do you eat at any restaurants/fast foods here in Balanga? ( ) twice a day ( ) daily ( ) weekly ( ) twice a week others: ______ 5. How much is your daily allowance? ( ) Php100 ( ) Php120 ( ) Php150 ( ) Php200 ( ) Php250 others: ______ 6. How much do you usually spent for food when eating in a fast food/restaurant here in Balanga? ( ) Php30-40 ( ) Php40-50 ( ) Php50-60 ( ) Php60-70 ( ) Php70-80 others: 7. Are you familiar with tapsilog, hamsilog, tosilog, chicksilog, porksilog, etc.? ( ) Yes ( ) No 8. Do you eat silog dishes? ( ) Yes ( ) No 9. How often do you eat silogs? ( ) daily ( ) weekly ( ) twice a week ( ) thrice a week others: ____ 10. Have you ever experience dining in a silog food service? ( ) Yes ( ) No 11. Where have you tasted/experienced silogs? ( ) at home ( ) school canteens ( ) fast foods others: ____________ 12. In what meal do you think silog will most be eaten. ( ) breakfast ( ) lunch ( ) merienda ( ) dinner 13. Choose at least 5 of your best choices. ( ) adsilog ( ) bangusilog ( ) burgsilog ( ) chicksilog ( ) cornsilog ( ) daingsilog ( ) embosilog ( ) hamsilog 1 Republic of the Philippines BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY Main Campus, City of Balanga, Bataan ( ) liemsilog ( ) longsilog ( ) malingsilog ( ) porkbbqsilog ( ) porksilog ( ) sigsilog ( ) specialpares ( ) tapsilog ( ) tosilog ( ) tuyosilog others: __________ 14. Would you like to have a silog food service here in Balanga? ( ) Yes ( ) No 15. Are you in favour of putting up the â€Å"Silog Express†? ( ) Yes ( ) No Thank you very much for spending time answering this questionnaire!

The eNotes Blog Grunt Science of War, Medicine, and the Humans in the Middle of ItAll

Grunt Science of War, Medicine, and the Humans in the Middle of ItAll Mary Roachs Grunt: The Curious Science of Humans at War gives readers a glimpse into the stunning world of military science and medicine. Roach sets the stage with an anecdote about an artillery-grade gun that shoots frozen chickens- aptly named the chicken gun- at aircraft to test if windshields can withstand colliding with birds of flight. She explores how these chicken guns as well as flame-retardant and water-resistant fabrics, zipper-free vests (for snipers, so as not to give away their position), and other military fashions are trying to improve the lives of soldiers while reducing injury and death. Heroism doesnt always happen in a burst of glory. Sometimes small triumphs and large hearts change the course of history. Sometimes a chicken can save a mans life. For military science, however,  death  is a key component for advancements. Not surprising, this means life and death  is a central  theme in  Grunt. Readers learn about human cadavers getting detonated in test explosions, as the subject of comprehensive autopsies, and for providing vital transplant organs. Roach specifically highlights the transplant of male genitalia, paving the way for fascinating legal  discussions such as  does any remaining quantity of donor sperm belong to the donors family? And, if said donor was a soldier, would any resulting offspring be a military beneficiary of things like pensions? Roach, who has described herself as a goober with a flashlight, stumbling into corners and crannies, is an exceptionally clever, congenial writer going into those dark corners where many other writers wont. Other noteworthy works of hers include  Gulp: Adventures on the Alimentary Canal, a book about eating, digestion, and- because why not?- elimination,  and  Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers,  exploring the lives of post-mortem bodies.  Michelle Dean at  The Guardian writes that while Roach isnt necessarily an investigative journalist, she still has specialized in tackling the uncomfortable, and at the heart of her every book is her desire to explore the places from which we recoil. In Grunt, Roach gives us a glimpse at several of those uncomfortable topics most unsuitable for the faint of hearts dinner table, such as the aforementioned penis transplants. (This is wholly dependent on your typical table conversations, of course.) She explores other grotesque aspects of military science and medicine: how a urethra can be  constructed from cheek skin, the best kind of underwear to not fuse to your flesh if wounded (silk, interestingly enough), and the maggot treatment- introducing blowfly larvae into a wound for the purpose of debridement. Dont worry. Theres plenty of diarrhea-talk, too. the Navy researcher who comes up with a way to speed the recovery time from travelers’ diarrhea. These things matter when it’s 115 degrees and you’re trying to keep your troops from dehydrating to the point of collapse. There’s no glory in the work. No one wins a medal. And maybe someone should.† Readers will never see their nation’s soldiers in the same way again after taking this tour of stunning (and sometimes sickly) military science and the less-than-talked-about soldier  plights after reading this book.Read the summary of Grunt  with characters, quotes, and  themes.  Were also giving away a copy signed by Mary Roach to one lucky reader: entries are open to U.S. and Canada residents and are  accepted until July 13, 2017, at 9:00 p.m. PST! *Cover image by Benjamin Faust via Unsplash.com.

buy custom Situational Leadership Theory essay

buy custom Situational Leadership Theory essay Effective management is a comprehensive system of measures and techniques, which help the company to survive in the contemporary business world. Leaders strive to have a unique set of skills, tools, and behavioral patterns, which can help the company gain success and continue its development. Obviously, the company always keeps looking for the best solution to the problems faced on the way towards success. In fact, it becomes difficult to accommodate to the environment in contemporary conditions of competition. In order to find a solution to the changeable nature of the companys performance, it is important to apply traditional approach along with a mixture of modern concepts. Situational leadership theories touch the roots of management, which helps companies to deliver high-quality services and products due to effective adherence to the conditions of every situation. The research proves that situational leadership theories formulate the basement, which should become a guide towards success for every manager. Situational leadership is a key aspect in the performance of any company. It is an aspect, which builds an effective management system according to the changeable environment. It enhances the companys ability to accommodate to any situation and apply appropriate system of measures, which will be effective regulators in terms of the changeable environment. It is necessary to learn the details of every situation in order to take a decision, which will help the company solve the problem (Kiechel, 2012). Situations change, and it means that the company needs to apply a new model and regulate leadership styles, which will enhance teamwork and bring the performance to the new level of development. It is necessary to take into consideration conditions of every situation and explore situational leadership styles and their details. As a result, the company gains a flexible system of measures allowing accommodating to the situation and applying the most appropriate set of techniques. In genera l, situational leadership considers that the company can effectively perform in case ofcrisis. Finally, this concept means that the top-management successfully implements the idea of accommodation to the changeable environment. Regardless of the sources of changes, it is necessary to regulate the performance in the internal environment of the company (Quinn Cameron, 1983). Situational leadership not only means that it is necessary during a crisis, implementation of the new policy or any other changes with a direct influence on the performance. There are three main theories of situational leadership: Fiedlers contingency theory, Hersey-Blanchards situational model and Houses path-goal theory. Every company can choose its leadership style, which will help to avoid chaotic decision-making without reasonable arguments. There is no place for panic and pointless decisions, which may harm the companys sustainability (Leidner Elam, 1994). Therefore, it is necessary to choose appropriate theory, which will fit the companys mission, vision, values and nature of performance. Fiedlers contingency theory means that there is no success pattern of effective leadership style. This theory states that every situation requires a leader to apply a different approach towards regulation of any process. The theory claims that one approach can be effective in one situation, but it will be enough effective in another. Fiedler outlined three main elements, which contribute to the outstanding situational control of the leader. According to this theory, a leader should have a detailed task structure, establish reliable relations with subordinates, and have a positioning power. One of the strengths of Fiedlers theory is that it may be easy for a manager to alter conditions of every situation. One of the weaknesses of the theory is that it may become a challenge to change the leadership style according to the long-term of changing the main factors of the theory. Obviously, it is hard to apply the most appropriate leadership style in case of the least favorable situation be cause of the poor factors. Anotheer theory is Hersey-Blanchards situational model takes into account task and relationship behavior a leader should have to produce effective results. Task behavior considers that an effective leader explains to its employees details of the task regarding what to do, how to do, where to do and how long it should take. It means that employees should receive enough instructions from the leader according to the situation. Relationship behavior is another pattern, which considers that a leader uses multiple communications in order to both gather information about situation and regulate it according to the conditions. The pattern means that an effective leader listens to its employees, supports them and provides them with all necessary resources. Maturity is also another element of the theory. It means that a leader is responsible for his/her actions. As long as maturity level is appropriate for the establishment of the leadership style, a leader can apply his/her strategy according to the following styles. Telling, selling, participating, and delegating are the four main leadership styles in this theory. Telling considers that a leader provides clear instructions and specific information to every employee regarding the situation. Selling means that a leader uses a two-way communication approach in order to encourage employees and motivate them to accomplish the task according to the situation. Participating is another style, which means that a leader listens to its employees and takes their points of view in order to take the decision. Finally, delegating means that leaders followers are ready and responsible for taking action (Plunkett, Allen Attner, 2013). The strength of this theory is that it provides one with the diversity of leadership styles. It helps to find the most appropriate leadership style according to the situation and circumstances. The main weakness of this theory is that it takes too long to establish an effective approach towards leadership . It can take much time before the establishment of the most appropriate measures. For this reason, leaders should have enough information before considering one particular theory. Buy custom Situational Leadership Theory essay

Transport Issues in Developing Cities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Transport Issues in Developing Cities - Essay Example It addresses the similarity and differences that exist between the transport situation in Lagos being a city from a lesser developed nation and the situation as portrayed by New York and London being cities from the developed nations of the world. Further analysis is presented herein in relation the extent to which logos city might benefit from the experiences of the cities from developed nations that is New York and London. Â  Over the years since 1995 Lagos is city characterized by complexity with a wide range of economic activities taking place. It is the largest urban center in Nigeria. The population of Lagos is approximated to be roughly 17.8 million (Oni 2004, p.35). In most cases when a city is large and as continues to acquire growth and development it becomes more and more complex having increased potential for diverse disruptions especially in relation to the transport network hence the need for the manager of the complexity in an effective manner. In addressing the similarities and differences in transportation in the cities mentioned it is quite crucial to note that the productivity of urban centres is highly dependable on the effectiveness and efficiency of the centre’s system of transportation to facilitate movement of labor, that of consumers as well as freight from one destination to another (National Transport Policy for Nigeria 2003, p.54). In addition, important terminals of t ransportation for instance airports, rail yards, and ports that are located within urban cities are known to be contributing factors leading to transportation problems. Â  There is quite a wide range of similarities that exist between the situation of transport in Lagos and that of New York and London since 1995.

21st Century Changes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

21st Century Changes - Essay Example All these changes account for the ease in the life that the people are mostly looking for in the 21st century. Altogether it is seen that transportation has fairly increased from the previous century because of the affordable rates that have been introduced in the market. Airlines such as JetBlue have taken an initiative and they are using disposable boarding passes so as to decrease their cost. It can be seen that the overall costs of the fares have decreased and even the common people are now able to use these facilities. The use of computers and mobile phones has become much common these days. People living in the third world countries are now able to use internet from their homes because of the long range satellite programs. Altogether these technologies have provided a platform for increased globalization.   Ã‚  The 21st century has also brought financial breakdown for the whole world. It can be witnessed that the booming economy of the countries in the world came to a stop wh en the economies fell and the businesses went bankrupt. The crisis continued for a long time and it is expected that it will go on for more than 15-20 years. Fossil fuels are getting scarce because of their increased usage all around the world. The prices of these fossil fuels are also increasing and this poses a direct risk to the consumers. The prices of general commodities have also increased because of the rise in these prices. The wars have also taken a new curve after the September 11th attack.